TUTOR: Good morning come in you’re Paul, are you?

PAUL: Yes, I spoke to you on the phone.

TUTOR: Yes have a seat, you wanted to talk to me about the archeology course?

PAUL: Yes, I’ve read the handbook, but I’d like to find out a few more details before I decide whether to do it.

TUTOR: Right yes, what would you like to know?

PAUL: Well first of all can I combine the archeology course with one in anthropology?

TUTOR: Yes, you can combine it with any other subject apart from _Q21 classical history, that’s simply because there’s some overlap in the lecture times for those two courses we weren’t able to coordinate them.

PAUL: Okay fine and could you tell me about the modules?

TUTOR: Well in the first semester, there are three all of them are _Q22 compulsory, we don’t offer optional modules till next year.

PAUL: Right.

TUTOR: The first one focuses on what can be learned from specific artifacts such as pottery and stone tools it’s called _Q23 object matters and it’s taught by Dr. Morris.

PAUL: Is that.. how is the module presented, I mean is it lectures?

TUTOR: We refer to the means of presentation as the learning method. and in this case, it’s lectures integrated with practical sessions so it’s a mixture.

PAUL: What about the content? I suppose we’ll be looking at different kinds of archaeological remains and how to date them and so on.

TUTOR: To some extent but the module is basically about processes, first of all recording material then _Q24 classification then interpretation of the data that’s how archaeologists draw conclusions about their findings, and finally display. Is that okay?

PAUL: I think so yes thanks. Uh, one other thing how is the module assessed is there an exam?

TUTOR: No, it’s all based on _Q25 coursework.

PAUL: Okay.

TUTOR: And the second module that’s the one called _Q26 towns and cities is taught by our department head Professor Elliott. And as the name suggests the modules about _Q27 the origins of built environments and how they developed.

PAUL: That’s mainly factual then I suppose.

TUTOR: It is really and for that reason the assessments by examination, but you may be pleased to know it’s an _Q28 oral rather than a written exam and…

PAUL: It sounds a bit scary.

TUTOR: Most of our students find they actually enjoy it so don’t worry too much.

PAUL: Okay.

TUTOR: And then the title of the third module is Method and Science, and in that, Dr. Thompson will be introducing you to the standard techniques used in archaeological fieldwork and Analysis, things like Excavating and dating.

PAUL: What about the learning method for this module are there any lectures or is this all laboratory work?

TUTOR: Oh, it’s half lab work and half _Q29 seminars there aren’t any lectures. Then right at the end of the module, you’ll take part in a site survey, the date for that is week beginning the 10th of March but I can’t tell you the _Q30 location yet that’ll be announced later. But I think you’ll find it very useful.

PAUL: Yes, I know someone who went on that one…

MAN: I have in the studio with me Mary Smith from Yorktown Tourism who is here to tell us about some of the events happening in our state capital over the next three weeks after Spring Festival, so Mary what can we expect to see?

WOMAN: Well it’s such an exciting time to be in Yorktown to kick off the Spring Festival, there’ll be a huge firework display down by the _Q11 lake starting at 9 pm this Saturday the 4th of September. Over 10,000 fireworks will be set off all choreographed to music and broadcast simultaneously here on radio Yorkie. You should get there early if you want to get close to the action so bring along a _Q12 picnic and a blanket as it could get chilly in the evening.

If you’re interested in seeing the latest in cars from the fastest to the most expensive, then head over to the _Q15 motor show at the Exhibition Center, from the 10th to the 15th of September. It’ll be open daily from 9 am until 10 pm, so you can even pop there after work. Do you like photography, then go along to grow your imagination, an exhibition of photographs of famous gardens which will be held at the _Q16 art gallery from the 11th to the 19th of September. Come and be inspired by some of the world’s most beautiful gardens. I’ve had a sneak preview of some of the photographs and they are magnificent. If music is more your scene, then you should come and hear the Australian Philharmonic Orchestra performing swing in Spring at the _Q17 concert hall on Friday the 17th and Saturday the 18th of September. It’s a celebration of dance music from the 1940s and 50s there’ll be three performances, both evenings start at 7 p.m and a matinee performance at _Q18 2:30 on the Saturday, so get your dancing shoes on and head there, it’s guaranteed to get your feet tapping.

Those are just a few of the attractions on offer but for something a little different you could try balloons down under. Which is the largest gathering of hot air balloons in the southern hemisphere it’s well worth it, because there’ll be over 25 balloons of all shapes and sizes, which is a truly amazing site. I’m also happy to announce that one lucky person will get the chance to go up in one of these _Q19 balloons absolutely free, that’s the prize in our special Spring Festival competition. It had normally cost you two hundred dollars, so it’s not a bad prize eh I’m sure you all want a chance to win, so you’ll need to fill out the entry form in today’s edition of the _Q20 Yorktown News. Don’t forget to include your phone number and send it to radio Yorkie, make sure your entry reaches Us by 5 PM on Thursday the 9th of September. Then to see if you’ve won just check out the festival’s website on Saturday the 11th of September, where we’ll publish the name of the lucky winner. It’s such a fantastic prize so hurry up and get your entry in, so there you have it you of the special events happening here in Yorktown over the Spring Festival, and if you’d like any more details about…

WOMAN: Wildlife Conservation Society good afternoon can I help you?

MAN: Oh hello. Yes, I’d like to join please.

WOMAN: Oh yes certainly. I’ll just get some details from you. Could I have your name?

MAN: Michael Jones.

WOMAN: Right. And can I ask where you heard about us? Was it in an advert or did a friend tell you or…

MAN: Neither actually, it was _Q1 a radio program. Then I just got your number from the phone book.

WOMAN: Oh right. Now I need some membership details. It’s Michael Jones and the address?

MAN: 21 Beale Street.

MAN: Leeds.

WOMAN: Fine. And do you know your postcode?

MAN: Yes, it’s uh _Q2 LS14 2JW.

WOMAN: Okay. And do you have a daytime telephone number we can contact you on?

MAN: Yeah, you call me at work the numbers, 0-1-1-7-3-5-8-6-4-2 and I can give you my office email address if you like.

WOMAN: That’ll probably be useful, yes please.

MAN: It’s _Q3 mj@hennings.co.uk.

WOMAN: Is that h-e-n-n-i-n-g-s?

MAN: That’s right.

WOMAN: Thank you, now just need to ask you some questions about exactly what you want. First of all how long do you want the membership for we do _Q4 two, three, and five year memberships and we also do one for Life.

MAN: Uh, I think I’ll just get the minimum length this time around.

WOMAN: Fine and then the type of _Q5 membership we do single, joint, or family which covers up to four children.

MAN: Well, we haven’t got any children, but I think I’ll get the _Q5 joint one because my wife will probably want to do the activities with me.

WOMAN: Yes fine, let me see. That’ll be _Q6 49 pounds altogether then please.

WOMAN: How would you like to pay?

MAN: By direct debit.

WOMAN: No problem. I just need your bank details. Can you give me the name first?

MAN: Uh, 0-1-0-5-9-6-1-2.

WOMAN: Okay, when would you like to start payment? Next month from the first of _Q8 October or…

MAN: Can you make it the _Q8 15th instead?

WOMAN: No problem the membership will begin then too is that all right?

MAN: That’s fine.

WOMAN: I just give you a reference number in case there’s any problem. Have you got a pen?

MAN: Yes.

WOMAN: It’s _Q9 JYZ37. And we’ll be sending you an information pack within a few days. Is there anything else?

MAN: Uh oh yes could you send me an additional one I’ve got a friend who’s very interested.

WOMAN: Certainly, no problem I make a note of that. There’s also a _Q10 video we can send you if you like, there’s no charge.

MAN: Yes please that’ll be great.

Today we’re going to delve into the fascinating history of music in Britain and the evolution that it experienced throughout the duration of the 18th and 19th centuries. during the second half of the 18th century, Britain experienced an industrial revolution during which its manufacturing industry underwent a major transition from hand production methods to the use of machinery.

This sudden boom in the industry drew thousands of people into the cities, where they knew they’d be able to find jobs in the _Q31 factories working with or maintaining the machinery. This sudden influx of people into the cities did not just come from the surrounding countryside but also from other poorer nations in search of a better life, between 1800 and 1900 the population of England increased by four times. This mass _Q32 immigration from different nations and areas of the country resulted in a variety of cultural influences meeting and mixing to form a new more diverse culture. With this new culture came a new style of music prior to the industrial revolution music had originally been written to reflect the hard labor-intensive life in all kinds of _Q33 industries when all work had to be done by hand.

Most people resided in small rural communities where their lives revolved around farming, life for the average person was difficult as incomes were meager and malnourishment and disease were common. Despite the difference in nationalities of the people and the variety of musical genres all of the music shared one common _Q34 language English, as many were unable to write the songs were a means for the people to give voice to their experiences and feelings about their hard and laborious _Q35 jobs, most of the music written by the workers during this period has been lost as a result of illiteracy and aware of time. Now you may be asking yourselves how these small musical works were formed. The roots of most of these groups can mostly be traced back to the younger members of the working classes, who were perhaps rebelling against the inferiority of their living and working conditions compared to those of the upper classes. _Q36 Young performers would often lead these musical trends usually possessing a great talent for singing or playing particular handmade instruments. As time progressed into the 19th century these musical groups had gained much notoriety and would hold small performances in the street for all to watch. It was perhaps their blind optimism and rebellious spirit that led them to become so popular with their _Q37 audiences. Which were usually made up of the poorest of the poor despite efforts by the _Q38 upper classes to put an end to these musical traditions they continued to gain popularity and flourish. By the late 1870s, they had evolved past the barrier of the social echelons and gained access to the middle class.

Performances were held in proper establishments such as village halls and some were even ticketed with audiences paying a fee for the privilege of watching. Music produced by these groups were better recorded and some is still preserved today in museums. The music of these groups may not exist in the present day but its influences are still clear if you look closely enough, in _Q39 classical culture for example many of the themes and theatrical performances are still based on the lives and experiences of the working classes both prior to and following the industrial revolution. The novel entitled les miserables by Viktor Hugo for example, is a novel about the French working classes and is still widely popular today.

The original _Q40 recordings of the music written during these periods are now hugely valuable due to the demand from avid collectors and enthusiastic fans. Many of these recordings are publicly owned and displayed in museum exhibits. However, a selection are still privately owned and occasionally appear for sale in auctions. Often reaching prices in the hundreds of thousands. Well, that just about wraps the lecture up for today, so if anyone has any questions…