PROFESSOR: Thanks for coming in today to discuss your internship experience, completing some sort of work experience like an internship is a core part of our master’s program and we want to make sure students are able to make the most of it.

DIANA: That’s fine.

AMY: Oh hi Jack, thank you for coming to discuss the details of the concert it’s a real help.

JACK: No problem Amy, I’m looking forward to throwing some ideas around. Shall we order coffee before we begin?

AMY: Yes I’ll have a cappuccino please. Right first on the agenda is deciding who the intended audience is because we’ll obviously have to base our choice of music on this.

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JACK: Classical concerts are held all the time. But I’d really like to do something different and make it special. What do you think about holding it outside?

AMY: I like the idea, but the weather is too unpredictable. What if we host the concert for _Q1 children, we could make it more lighthearted and everyone could dress up in costume.

JACK: What a wonderful idea. We could host the event every afternoon so that children can attend after school. How much do you think we should charge?

AMY: I don’t think we should charge more than five dollars for the student tickets.

JACK: No, I think that _Q2 four dollars would be a fair price. We can charge adults a little bit more. I’d say that 6.50 is suitable.

AMY: Okay great that should hopefully cover the costs of running the event. The local press will be in attendance to take photographs to print in the newspaper, so we’ll also need to organize a press tent.

JACK: It’s all so exciting. There will also be a representative from the local _Q3 radio station broadcasting live they’re predicting is that over a thousand people will tune in to listen.

AMY: Now that we’re agreed let’s move on to discuss our other more sophisticated concert, where we’ll be hosting a number of well-known opera performers.

JACK: As the majority of people will be at work during the day I suggest that the concert takes place in the late afternoon or evening. Which is do you think?

AMY: I think we should definitely hold an _Q4 evening concert the darkness will make the entire performance more dramatic.

AMY: As it will be a lavish and elegant event I think we should set quite a high entrance fee of around forty dollars, it’ll give us some extra money to spend on decorations.

JACK: That sounds fair, instead of using chandeliers and electric lights, we should decorate the marquee with _Q5 candles instead it would be so romantic.

AMY: Okay perfect.

AMY: Now moving on to the concert where we showcase talented opera singers from the local area. Perhaps we should host this opera show on Monday evening.

JACK: I think that the venue is already booked on Monday, but _Q6 Tuesday will do nicely. How much do you think we should charge the audience for tickets.

AMY: Since the performers are not professionals perhaps we should make this a free event.

JACK: Yes, tickets will be free but we should ask everyone for a _Q7 donation. So that we can cover the costs of the venue and food and drink.

AMY: The venue also comes complete with a _Q8 piano. So hopefully one of the performers will be able to play. I had lessons when I was younger but I’m not accomplished enough to perform in front of an audience.

JACK: Well, what if we make our final concert a karaoke night where everyone of any ability can sing on stage. It could be really good fun. And it would give everyone the opportunity to join in.

AMY: Yes I love that idea. Let’s hold it during the day on Saturday so that everyone including families and the elderly can attend.

JACK: Perhaps we should offer concessions for students, children, and the elderly to make the tickets more affordable and encourage everyone to come.

AMY: Yes definitely, I think that the majority of the crowd will be composed of families and friendship groups so we should avoid giving a group _Q9 discount to maximize the income from ticket sales.

JACK: Let’s arrange a secret surprise to end the show on a high for everyone. How about a band performance?

AMY: One of my friends happens to know a famous _Q10 singer who I’m sure would be happy to perform for a small fee.

JACK: Oh wow that sounds brilliant. Well I think we’ve addressed the details for all of the concerts.

AMY: Thank you so much for helping. See you later.

Good day ladies and gentlemen, welcome to the second lecture in our series on animal senses. Today I’ll be comparing the sensory systems of different species and discussing how these senses enable them to explore their environment. When it comes to the sense of smell you may think that human beings have powerful and well-evolved sensory systems.

However some animals have a sense of smell that is far more powerful than ours, dogs for example have a sense of smell that is 40 times greater than a human’s and can distinguish 220 kinds of smell. Some animals can even smell odors that are undetectable by the human nose, such as _Q31 carbon dioxide. There are also animals that have a relatively weak sense of smell. For example, there are species of beetles that can recognize the odors of certain plants but not others. The bee is an interesting example to examine in reference to smell because they experience this sense via their antennae.

Bumblebees have stings but it’s rare that they actually use this weapon .when a bee feels threatened it will use its _Q32 legs to signal and warn others about the threat before it stings. This is called a signaling posture and involves the bee lifting its two back legs into the air. Within any hive there is a hierarchy with the queen bee at the top, the queen bee is able to _Q33 control the colony by monitoring its movement through her feet. The queen bee is the only reproductive female in the entire colony and she is also able to sting multiple times, unlike the worker bees that will die if they sting. In the insect world scent can also be used to facilitate mating as females decide whether or not to mate with a male depending on the quality of his scent. One such example of this is the female _Q34 butterfly who will only mate with the male butterfly that produces the strongest pheromones.

 

This is how the species ensures that only the best genes are perpetuated in order to create the strongest offspring. Next, we move on to the hearing sense of beetles interestingly beetles do not have ears but instead use their _Q35 feet to detect vibrations caused by sound. This is particularly useful when searching for food among the trees in which they live as they are able to detect the location and movement of their prey by monitoring vibrations in the _Q36 woodlands. The final sense that we’ll be looking at today is sight, snakes are a particularly interesting case study as they do not see shapes and colors as humans do but instead hunt their prey by detecting the  _Q37 heat radiating from their mouths. This makes them incredibly effective predators as they are able to zero in on their prey very quickly and efficiently. From a distance a snake is able to locate the heat radiating from a mouse for example and upon moving closer will be able to determine its _Q38 bodyshape. This can help prevent the snake from attempting to attack prey that is too large for it. Once a snake has killed and eaten its prey it goes into a state of hibernation. Whereby all of its energy is directed towards digesting the food stored in its _Q39 stomach. Depending on the size of the snake and its prey this hibernation can last from hours to days.

Once fully fed a large snake will not need to eat again for the next couple of weeks. During the breeding season however female snakes will feed more frequently. The heat detection of a snake is very complex and can be even more effective than the vision of a human. It not only uses heat to determine the location of its prey but before it commits to hunt it will also use the heat to calculate how much _Q40 distance it has to travel in order to reach it. This prevents the snake from wasting energy hunting prey that is too far away to catch.

WOMAN: Good afternoon, Palm Resort.

MAN: Good afternoon, I am ringing about the job. I understand you have vacant.

WOMAN: Oh yes.

MAN: I’d like to find out some more information if I may.

WOMAN: Yes, of course. Can I take your name?

MAN: It’s Fredie Lea.

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WOMAN: Okay Fredie. What would you like to know?

MAN: First of all, I’d like to know where your resort is located.

WOMAN: It’s near the city center on Jamison Island, that’s _Q1 J-A-M-I-E-S-O-N.

MAN: Oh brilliant that’s only five minutes from me. I finish at my college on the 12th of May so I’ll be available for work from that date. Will there be any vacancies at that time?

WOMAN: Well, summer is our busiest season beginning on the _Q2 11th July, so that’s when you would be starting.

MAN: Sounds good. And are there any age limitations?

WOMAN: That would depend on the place you’re applying for how old are you?

MAN: I’m 17.

WOMAN: Well, we require our bartenders to be 18 or older which means you would be working as a _Q3 waiter. There are four vacancies they were originally six however we have since filled two of these.

MAN: Okay great. Could I ask about the pay?

WOMAN: We’re offering five pounds 52 pence an hour.

MAN: That’s very good. My last job was four pounds 45 an hour. And can I also ask about what qualities you’re looking for like any particular skills or experience?

WOMAN: We don’t normally require applicants to have any past experience however during the summer season we have weekly shows in which our waiters are asked to perform the routines are very simple so no dancing skills are needed however you will need to be able to _Q4 sing.

MAN: I have never sung professionally but I’m keen on it and have been told that I’m talented so I think this will be a good fit. Are there any other duties that I’d be responsible for?

WOMAN: As a waiter, you’ll have a few different duties. We offer table service so you’ll have to take food orders from customers. And carry the food from the kitchen to their tables.  We like to give our customers a relaxed experience so we’ll also need you to supervise and take care of their _Q5 children.

MAN: I have a babysitter so I’m very comfortable doing that. Is there a play area for them in the resort?

WOMAN: Unfortunately, there is no facility for children here at the resort. But there is a large playground just down the road.

MAN: So I would just walk the children down to the playground each day.

WOMAN: No, the road is very busy and the pavements are so narrow that it’s unsafe to take the children for walks there. It would be very advantageous if you could _Q6 drive so that you can safely strap the children into the back seat and transport them back and forth.

MAN: I’m currently taking driving lessons so if all goes well I should have my permit by the time I begin work.

WOMAN: We feel it’s pretty good and we also offer some good fringe benefits for our employees.

MAN: Really?

WOMAN: Well because of the difficulties of getting public _Q7 transport if you’re working after 10 o’clock we drive you home.

MAN: Okay, that sounds fine. Do you have a staff room where I would be able to eat my packed lunches?

WOMAN: All of our employees eat in the dining hall once our customers have finished eating their lunch. We like to make sure that our employees are well nourished so we would provide you with a _Q8 meal every lunch time. There is no need to bring in a packed lunch.

MAN: Wow, that’s good to know. I think that’s all of the information that I needed. I’ll be sure to post my application to you later today.

WOMAN: Okay sure. Once we have looked over your application we may ask you to come for an interview. We normally hold our interviews on Fridays however the manager is taking a long weekend this week so the interview would be on _Q9 Thursday. Is that okay for you?

MAN: That’s good for me.

WOMAN: Fine. 10 30 a.m?

MAN: Yes fine. Would 10 o’clock be okay?

WOMAN: Perfect, and could you bring along a reference letter from your employer?

MAN: Yes, that’s fine no problem. Could you tell me what else I have to do?

WOMAN: Well, you need to come in to the desk and fill out some forms we need a document for id so a bank statement would be fine.

MAN: I’ve got that, and what else?

WOMAN: Well, you need to bring a _Q10 photo with you having said that it would be also a good idea for you to attach it to your application, this will help us to distinguish your application from the others.

MAN: Okay, no problem I have a couple of spares from when I renewed my passport.

WOMAN: Good we look forward to seeing you.

MAN: Okay, thank you so much. You’ve been very helpful.

WOMAN: No problem, goodbye.